Iplastiki extrusion imele enye yeenkqubo ezininzi eziguquguqukayo zemveliso, iguqula imathiriyeli ekrwada ibe ziimveliso ezingenakubalwa ezisingqongileyo mihla le. Embindini wayo, i-extrusion ibandakanya ukunyanzeliswa kwezinto ngokuvula imilo ukwenza iiprofayili ezihambelanayo ezisetyenziswa kuyo yonke into ukusuka kwimibhobho yemibhobho ukuya kwiifestile zefestile. Ngelixa ibonakala ngathi iqondile, inkqubo ibandakanya izixhobo ezintsonkothileyo kunye neenkqubo zolawulo ezichanekileyo eziye zavela ngokuphawulekayo kumashumi eminyaka yophuhliso lwamashishini. Eli nqaku liphonononga amacandelo abalulekileyo kunye neenkqubo ezenza ukuba ukukhutshwa kweplastiki kwenzeke, enika ingqiqo kobu buchule bokwenza isiseko.
I-Anatomy ye-Extruder
Umatshini onyanzelisa umxube ngokufa yiplastiki ekhuphayo, kwaye izinto ezicutshungulwayo zaziwa ngokuba yi-extrudate. I-extruder eqhelekileyo inamacandelo amakhulu asixhenxe asebenza ngokuhambelanayo: indibano yokutya, i-extruder barrel, i-extruder screw, i-drive system, indibano yokufa, inkqubo yokufudumeza / yokupholisa, kunye nezixhobo zokulawula ezineempawu ezifanelekileyo zokhuseleko.
Inkqubo iqala xa imathiriyeli ekrwada ye-thermoplastic, ngokuqhelekileyo ikwimo yepellet (ebizwa ngokuba yiresin), ngumxhuzulane owondliwa ukusuka kwihopper enyuswe phezulu ukuya kumbhobho. Phambi kokungena kwi-feeder, abavelisi bahlala bephucula imathiriyeli ekrwada ngokubandakanya izongezo ezinje ngemibala kunye ne-UV inhibitors ukuphucula iimpawu kunye nomgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela.
Intliziyo yesixokelelwano, i-motor, inika amandla okujikeleza izikrufu ze-extruder. Xa sele ingaphakathi kwi-barrel, izinto eziphathekayo zihamba ngokuguqulwa okukhulu ngokuxinwa, ukucheba, ukunciphisa ubungakanani be-particle, ukuguqulwa kwesigaba, kunye nohlengahlengiso lwe-molecular. Olu tshintsho lwenzeka njengoko amasuntswana akhuhla omnye komnye kwaye anxibelelane nesikrufu esijikelezayo phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo.
Inkqubo yoTshintsho
Ngaphakathi kombhobho kunye ne-screw assembly, i-pellets esele iqinile iguqulela kwifom etyhidiweyo ngokusebenzisa imiphumo edibeneyo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obulawulwa ngononophelo, kunye nokucheba ngoomatshini. Esi sixhobo sinyibilikisiweyo sityhala ngokufa ekupheleni komgqomo, sivela kwimilo yeprofayile efunwayo.
Kwinkqubo yokukhupha iplastiki , ulawulo lobushushu lumele into ebalulekileyo, kunye nezicwangciso ezitshintsha ngokwezinto ezithile ezicutshungulwayo. Emva kokuphuma kwidayi, iprofayili yeplastiki entsha eyenziweyo ingena kwibhanti yokuhambisa ukuze iphole: eli nqanaba libonakala libalulekile kuzinzo olunemilinganiselo kunye nomgangatho wemveliso iyonke.
Iinkqubo ezininzi ze-extrusion zanamhlanje zibandakanya izixhobo ezongezelelweyo zokugqibela ezifana neeyunithi zokukhupha okanye iinkqubo zokusika ukugqiba inkqubo yokuvelisa, ukuhambisa iimveliso ezigqityiweyo zilungele ukupakishwa okanye ukuqhutyelwa phambili.
Evolution of Iintlobo Extruder
Ii-Extruders ziwela kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili: I-Screw enye kunye ne-Twin-Screw systems. I-extruders-screw extruders inikezela ngokulula kunye nokuthembeka kwezixhobo eziqhelekileyo, ngelixa i-twin-screw variants ibonelela ngezakhono eziphuculweyo zokuxuba izixhobo ezicela umngeni ngakumbi njengePVC. Ngapha koko, iinkqubo ze-twin-screw zinokucwangciswa njenge-counter-rotation okanye i-co-roting kunye nezikrufu ezidibeneyo okanye ezingadityaniswanga, zibonelela ngezinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ekuphatheni imathiriyeli ekrwada eyahlukeneyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
Kwizicelo ezintsonkothileyo, abavelisi bakwasebenzisa i-co-extrusion, edibanisa ii-extruders ezininzi ukudibanisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwifa lokugqibela. Obu buchwephesha budala iimveliso ezinamaqokobhe angaphakathi ahlukileyo kunye namaqokobhe angaphandle, ukukhulisa zombini ukusetyenziswa kwezinto kunye neempawu zokusebenza kwinkqubo enye yokuvelisa.
Kubalulekile ukukhetha olona hlobo lubalaseleyo lweplastiki ekhupha iplastiki ngokweempawu ezithile zemveliso yeplastiki yokugqibela kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
